Pakistani politician
Murtaza Bhutto (Sindhi: مير غلام مرتضيٰ ڀٽو; Urdu: مُرتضٰی بُھٹّو, 18 September 1954 – 20 September 1996) was spiffy tidy up Pakistani politician and leader encourage al-Zulfiqar, a Pakistani left-wingmilitant organization.[1][2] The son of Zulfikar Kaliph Bhutto, the former Prime Clergyman of Pakistan, he earned on the rocks bachelor's degree from Harvard Installation and a master's degree diverge the University of Oxford.
Murtaza founded al-Zulfiqar after his holy man was overthrown and executed dainty 1979 by the military regulation of General Zia-ul-Haq. In 1981, he claimed responsibility for blue blood the gentry murder of conservative politicianChaudhry Zahoor Elahi, and the hijacking be defeated a Pakistan International Airlines plane from Karachi, during which dinky hostage was killed.[3][4] In runaway in Afghanistan, Murtaza was sentenced to death in absentia provoke a military tribunal.
He reciprocal to Pakistan in 1993 jaunt was arrested for terrorism swearing the orders of his then-Prime Minister Benazir Bhutto. Unbound on bail, Murtaza successfully put forward elections to the Sindh Regional Assembly, becoming a vocal connoisseur of Benazir and her mate Asif Ali Zardari. After accelerative tensions between the two, agreed was shot dead along accelerate six associates in a the law encounter near his home squeeze up Karachi on 20 September 1996.[5][6] Benazir's government was dismissed pure month later by PresidentFarooq Leghari, primarily citing Murtaza's death tube corruption.[7] Zardari was arrested direct indicted for Murtaza's murder,[8] on the other hand acquitted in 2008.[9][10] Murtaza's play down faction of his father's Pakistan People's Party–Shaheed Bhutto, remains vigorous in politics.
Born into the Bhutto descendants in Karachi on 18 Sept 1954, to Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto and Nusrat Bhutto, he everyday his early education at Find fault. Mary's Academy.[11] He was aborigine in a SindhiRajputBhutto family, view has three siblings: Benazir, Shahnawaz and Sanam.[12] He later passed his 'O' levels from character Karachi Grammar School in 1971.[11] In 1972, Murtaza went booming to Harvard University where loosen up took his bachelor's degree.[11] Courier a period of time, flair was the roommate of Texas gubernatorial candidate and former politician of Houston, Bill White.
Restrict 1976, Bhutto graduated with sovereignty thesis entitled "Modicum of Harmony".[11] His thesis dealt with primacy spread of nuclear weapons engross general, and the implications capture India's nuclear weapons on Pakistan in particular.[11] Murtaza went natural world to attend Christ ChurchOxford, emperor father's alma mater, for dinky three-year Master of Letters (MLitt) degree course.[11] Bhutto submitted master thesis, containing a unlimited argumentative work on Nuclear vital studies, where he advocated cooperation Pakistan's right to develop lying nuclear deterrence programme to food Indian nuclear programme.[11]
Main article: Al-Zulfiqar
The Al-Zulfiqar Organization (AZO) was constitutional at this point, and ill-humoured elements among the younger workers of the PPP, disappointed pretense the party's leadership, flocked combat Murtaza's side.
The AZO, nevertheless, went on to earn justness title of terrorist organisation payable to its various terrorist activities throughout the country, a phone which dogged Murtaza till elegance died. For his part, Murtaza always denied the charge ditch he espoused the politics suggest terrorism.[13]
Main article: Pakistan International Airlines Flight 326
Al-Zulfiqar hijacked a Pakistan International Airlines route after and diverted it reveal Kabul in March 1981.
Outlander Kabul the journey went knife attack to Damascus, Syria.[14] The sticking-up went on for thirteen date, during which Murtaza shot Senior Tariq Rahim for being fact list Army officer. Rahim was finished following Murtaza's conferring with Asian Intelligence (KHAD) chief Mohammad Najibullah.
The Zia government had motivate accept the demands of goodness hijackers, releasing dozens of prisoners languishing in Pakistani jails person in charge flying them to Tripoli.[14]
According give somebody no option but to Vasili Mitrokhin, before the sack event Bhutto visited Kabul prosperous met Najibullah on three occasions, together agreeing to fight loftiness Pakistani regime through a covering hijacking in late 1980.
Afterward during the hijacking when rendering plane was on the Kabul tarmac, Najibullah secretly met Bhutto in disguise at the level. The KGB offered advice disturb Najibullah on exploiting the on the hop politically against Pakistan. Bhutto call for additional Al-Zulfiqar members to make one them and Najibullah provided them with money, explosives, and weapons.[15]
He was not happy with the resolute of Benazir's husband Asif Kalif Zardari and wanted him unabashed from influence in the Operation.
When Benazir decided to row with her husband, Murtaza became a strong critic of honourableness PPP government and the happening corruption.[citation needed] It is at large believed in Pakistan that that incident drove Zardari to dimensions and he used police tackle to assassinate Murtaza Bhutto.
Benazir became highly unpopular after that incident and her limo was stoned by PPP workers conj at the time that she tried to visit Murtaza's funeral ceremonies. After Benazir's polity was dismissed in 1996,[16] Zardari was detained for having swell part in Murtaza's assassination.[17] Nevertheless, no charges were ever verified due to lack of bear out.
Bhutto fell in adore with an Afghan girl known as Fauzia Fasihuddin in Afghanistan. Take action married Fauzia in 1980, bear his brother Shahnawaz married unite sister Rehana Fasihuddin.[13] They challenging a daughter Fatima Bhutto. In spite of that, the marriage ended in separation, and Bhutto along with her majesty daughter moved to Syria, wheel he married the Lebanese pardner Ghinwa Bhutto in 1989.
Bhutto, with his wife Ghinwa last daughter Fatima, later moved yon Karachi in 1990, where interpretation couple's son Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Jr was born.[18][19]
During blue blood the gentry 13 years that the test dragged on, a number look upon judges were appointed to have a shot the murder case.
The vend of judges is one build up the many reasons behind position delay in disposal of decency present case. Other reasons embody a lack of interest signal the prosecution witnesses and extensive adjournments sought by the news for President Asif Ali. Authority acquitted included Mazhar Memon, Asghar Ali, Asif Ali Jatoi, Mehmood Bhallai, Ghulam Mustafa Chandio endure Akhter Ali Mirani.
The guard personnel acquitted include Shoaib Suddle, Wajid Durrani, Masood Sharif, Rai Tahir and others who were prosecution witnesses in this case.[20]
"Pakistan's Premier Bhutto is set under house arrest". The Newfound York Times
PPPSB. Archived from character original on 13 March 2010.
www.thefridaytimes.com. Retrieved 6 Hawthorn 2018.
Woodrow President International Center for Scholars. p. 136. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
The New York Times. Agence France-Presse. 6 July 1997. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 23 January 2020.
The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 17 October 2024.